October
French soldiers executed exotic dancer Margaretha Zelle, known as Mata Hari, for espionage on behalf of Germany during World War I.
A French military court convicted dancer and courtesan Margaretha Zelle, known as Mata Hari, of spying for Germany, sentencing her to death.
Lenin's Bolsheviks stormed key points across Petrograd overnight, toppling Russia's Provisional Government in what became known as the October Revolution.
November
British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour pledges support for a 'national home for the Jewish people' in Palestine in a letter to Lord Rothschild.
Lenin's Bolshevik forces seized the Winter Palace in Petrograd, toppling Russia's Provisional Government and igniting the October Revolution.
Lenin's Bolshevik Red Guards seized the Winter Palace in Petrograd, toppling Russia's Provisional Government and launching seven decades of Soviet rule.
Indian lancers of the Jodhpur and Mysore state forces led a rare successful mounted cavalry charge against Ottoman and German positions defending Haifa.
Indira Gandhi, who would become India's first and to date only female prime minister, is born in Allahabad into the influential Nehru family.
British forces launched a surprise mass tank assault at Cambrai, France, using nearly 400 tanks to break through German lines and pioneer modern armored warfare.
December
Finland's Senate declared independence from Russia amid the chaos of the Bolshevik Revolution, ending over a century of rule from St. Petersburg.
The French munitions ship Mont-Blanc collided with another vessel in Halifax Harbor and detonated, killing roughly 2,000 people in the largest man-made explosion before the atomic age.
Ottoman forces surrendered Jerusalem to British troops under General Edmund Allenby, ending over 400 years of Ottoman rule over the city.
France became one of the first nations to formally recognize Finland's declared independence from Russia amid the chaos of the Russian Revolution.
A day after the Halifax Explosion, rescue crews dug through snow and rubble as the death toll from the harbor collision climbed past 1,600.